The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Festival, is a traditional holiday celebrated in China and other parts of East Asia. Here is the English translation of the customs, origin, and legends of the Dragon Boat Festival:
**Customs:**
1. Dragon Boat Races: The most famous custom of the Dragon Boat Festival is the dragon boat races. These races are held in memory of Qu Yuan, a poet and statesman who drowned himself in the river to protest against corruption. The dragon boat represents the dragon boat that the people used to search for his body.
2. Eating Zongzi: Zongzi, a sticky rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves, is another important custom. It is believed that eating zongzi can prevent illness, especially the disease caused by a type of parasitic worm.
3. Hanging Calamus and Mugwort: Calamus and mugwort are hung around doors and windows to ward off evil spirits and diseases.
4. Wearing Incense Bags: Incense bags containing herbs are worn to protect against illness and bad luck.
5. Dragon Boat Decorations: Homes are decorated with dragon-themed items, such as paper cuttings and lanterns.
**Origin:**
The Dragon Boat Festival originated in the memory of Qu Yuan, a famous poet and statesman of the Warring States period (475-221 BC) in China. Qu Yuan was a loyal minister who was exiled and later drowned himself in the Miluo River in protest against corruption and injustice in the court. The people of his hometown, in their sorrow, raced in dragon boats to save him and threw rice into the river to prevent fish from eating his body.
**Legends:**
1. Qu Yuan Legend: As mentioned above, Qu Yuan is the central figure in the Dragon Boat Festival. His tragic story of loyalty and patriotism has inspired people for centuries.
2. Wu Zetian Legend: Another legend is about Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in Chinese history. It is said that she was so moved by the people's loyalty to Qu Yuan that she ordered the celebration of the Dragon Boat Festival.
3. Parasitic Worms Legend: There is also a belief that the sticky rice dumplings (zongzi) were used to feed the fish, so they wouldn't eat Qu Yuan's body. This is why eating zongzi is considered a way to prevent illness.
These customs, origin, and legends make the Dragon Boat Festival a significant and cherished holiday in Chinese and other East Asian cultures.
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